FAQ- Avian DNA Tests and Disease Testing

Last Update: 11/6/2025

ABOUT DNA TESTING – FAQ- Frequently Asked Questions

Question:

What methodology do you use to perform your testing?

Answer:

Affordable Avian utilizes industry-standard molecular biology techniques to ensure precise, reliable DNA detection and analysis. Depending on the specific test, we employ PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), qPCR (Quantitative or Real-Time PCR), and occasionally Lateral Flow Assays (LFA) for verification.

• PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction): PCR is a molecular process used to amplify small amounts of DNA into millions of copies, allowing for accurate detection and genetic analysis. This technique forms the foundation of most DNA testing, including avian gender and disease detection.

• qPCR (Quantitative or Real-Time PCR): qPCR is an advanced form of PCR that not only identifies the presence of DNA but also measures its quantity in real time during amplification. This technique provides enhanced precision, sensitivity, and speed, making it ideal for diagnostic and research-grade testing.

• Lateral Flow Assay (LFA):LFA testing is a rapid, visual diagnostic method used to confirm the presence of a target pathogen or genetic marker. It provides quick results (often within 5–30 minutes) and is occasionally used to validate results that may require retesting.
  

Question:

Are gender test results equally reliable from blood and feather samples? Which is more accurate? Why don’t you test eggshells?

Answer:

Both blood and fresh feather samples are equally accurate—up to 99% reliability—when collected and handled correctly. The small margin of error typically stems from issues during sample collection, shipping, or handling, such as contamination, insufficient material, or degradation.

Our laboratory employs state-of-the-art PCR equipment and strict handling protocols to ensure every sample is processed with scientific precision. To guarantee accurate results, please follow the provided collection instructions exactly as written.

Preferred Sample Types:

• Blood is the most reliable sample type because it always contains a high concentration of DNA, even when dry.

• Feathers must be freshly plucked and include the intact shaft containing the follicle (the root). Feather samples that are old, molted, or handled improperly may not yield sufficient DNA. MOLTED FEATHERS WILL NOT RESULT IN RELIABLE TEST RESULTS.
  

Ostrich and Emu Testing:

For ratites (ostriches and emus), blood samples produce the most consistent results. However, because blood collection can be difficult for large birds, we accept feather samples as an alternative. DNA extracted from ostrich or emu feathers can vary in quality; therefore, Affordable Avian uses a multi-layer PCR system designed specifically to improve amplification success rates for these species. This added complexity explains the slightly higher testing fee for ratite samples.

Why We Don’t Test Eggshells:

Eggshells pose a significant risk of contamination and misidentification. Unless the eggs are incubated and hatched individually, multiple birds’ DNA can mix during handling, leading to unreliable results. To preserve accuracy, we do not accept eggshells as viable samples.

Note: Some tests require specific sample types. Certain disease panels or genetic markers may only be detectable in blood, tracheal, or cloacal swabs. The required sample type for each test is listed in its individual product description.

Beautiful parrots are just one of the kinds of birds we test!

Question:

Why should I genetically sex my chickens or other birds?

Answer:

There are numerous practical and regulatory reasons to determine your bird’s gender early through DNA testing:

1. Compliance with Local Regulations: Some regions restrict ownership of roosters or male birds. Early DNA sexing allows owners to identify and rehome males before crowing or breeding begins, avoiding fines or penalties.

2. Breeding and Flock Management: Many bird species, including certain chicken breeds, parrots, and pigeons, do not display visible gender differences until maturity. Early identification saves time, reduces feed costs, and improves flock planning for breeders and hobbyists.

3. Verified Pairing for Breeders: DNA gender confirmation enables breeders to guarantee accurate “male-female pairs” for sale or breeding purposes—adding credibility and value to each transaction.

4. Personal Curiosity and Companion Birds: Owners of companion birds often wish to know their pet’s gender simply for naming, health monitoring, or bonding purposes. For example, you may discover that “Davey the Dove” is actually “Daniela.”
   

DNA-based gender testing offers a fast, humane, and highly accurate way to know your bird’s gender without waiting for maturity or physical traits to appear. Question:

What happens if my test result is inconclusive?

Answer:

An inconclusive result indicates that insufficient or degraded genetic material was present in the sample to generate a valid result.

Our laboratory follows a rigorous validation process:

1. We automatically retest inconclusive samples to eliminate the possibility of internal laboratory error.

2. If the second test yields the same outcome, the issue likely originated from the sample’s collection, condition, or handling.

To avoid inconclusive results:

• Provide at least five fresh feathers (from the chest or abdomen) or a pea-sized drop of dried blood on filter paper.

• Keep samples separated and labeled to prevent cross-contamination.

• Avoid molted feathers or samples showing visible contamination.

If contamination is detected (such as blood or foreign material on the sample), we will contact you before proceeding. You may be asked to send a replacement sample.

Question:

How long does it take to receive results?

Answer:

Once your properly collected and labeled samples arrive at our facility, most DNA tests are completed within 48 business hours.

You will receive:

• An email notification confirming sample arrival.

• A second email with secure, confidential test results once analysis is complete.

Delays may occur if samples are mislabeled, incomplete, or contaminated, or if more samples are received than tests purchased. To avoid this:

• Include all paperwork. All paperwork included in the kit MUST be completed and attached as directed.

• Match the number of samples to the number of tests purchased.

• Package each sample separately to prevent cross-contamination.

Expedited shipping and rush testing options are available for customers who need faster turnaround times.

Important Note: Samples arriving after 6:00 a.m. CST are collected the next business day.

Question:

At what age can chicks or other birds be DNA tested? Answer:

Testing can be performed at any age- even as early as freshly hatched with the following caveats:

• Feather Testing: Birds must have several mature chest feathers that can be safely plucked with intact shafts. Younger chicks may require more feathers to yield adequate DNA. Feathers must be collected freshly and handled without touching the base of the shaft.

  For ostriches and emus: provide at least five fresh feathers from the chest area with intact bases. These species often require additional material due to naturally lower DNA yield from feathers.

• Blood Testing: Blood testing can be performed at any age, including freshly hatched chicks, as long as a sufficient sample is collected. For large birds such as ostriches and emus, early collection is preferred for ease of handling.

Question:

Does sample collection hurt my bird?

Answer:

Feather plucking is comparable to gently pulling a few hairs from your arm or scalp—momentarily uncomfortable but not harmful. Birds experience no long-term pain or distress.

Blood sampling, typically from a toenail clip or under the wing, may cause brief discomfort similar to cutting a nail slightly too short. Bleeding stops quickly, and birds typically resume normal behavior within minutes.

Affordable Avian’s testing methods are safe, humane, and minimally invasive, designed to ensure the wellbeing of all species tested. HOW TO – Frequently Asked Questions

Question:

How do I collect feathers from my bird for the feather testing method?

Answer:

To ensure valid and accurate DNA testing results, follow these key steps for feather collection:

1. Select the Right Feathers: Choose several feathers from the chest or abdomen of your bird. These areas provide the most reliable DNA material. Avoid using feathers from wings or tails.

2. Pluck, Don’t Cut: Feathers must be plucked, not cut. This ensures that the follicle (the base of the feather shaft) is intact—where the DNA is located.

3. Avoid Molted or Damaged Feathers: Molted, broken, or blood feathers do not contain viable DNA and can cause false or inconclusive results. Down feathers and chick fluff also lack sufficient material for testing.

4. Handle Samples Properly: Do not touch the feather shaft (base) with your hands or any surface. Oils, debris, or DNA from other birds can contaminate the sample. Use clean tweezers or wear gloves when collecting.

5. Package Samples Individually: Place each bird’s feathers into a clearly labeled paper envelope or plastic bag. Keep samples from different birds separate to prevent cross-contamination.

Tip for Ostrich and Emu Owners: These species often require additional material. Always include at least five fresh feathers with intact bases, and take extra care to keep samples isolated from other birds.

Question:

How does the blood sample collection process work?

Answer:

Blood samples provide the most consistent DNA material and can be collected safely at home or by a professional.

For home collection:

1. Clip the bird’s toenail slightly past the quick to produce a small drop of blood.

2. Allow one to two drops to fall onto the provided filter paper or non-absorbent collection card.

3. Let the sample air-dry completely before packaging.

4. Label clearly with the bird’s name or ID.

For professional collection (optional): Veterinarians, breeders, or NPIP-certified personnel may prefer drawing a small blood sample from the bird’s wing vein. This method should only be performed by trained individuals. We include the instructions for all methodology in our kits.

Question:

How do you perform PCR testing?

Answer:

PCR testing—Polymerase Chain Reaction—is the cornerstone of avian DNA diagnostics. Affordable Avian uses advanced laboratory-grade PCR equipment for precision and reliability.

The process involves:

1. DNA Extraction: Genetic material is isolated from your sample (blood, feather, or swab).

2. Amplification: Specific primers are introduced to replicate the target DNA sequence millions of times.

3. Detection: Using electrophoresis or real-time fluorescence, our team analyzes the amplified DNA to identify specific markers (e.g., gender or disease).

This method provides extremely high accuracy—often above 99%—and is widely recognized as the scientific standard for avian DNA testing worldwide.

Question:

How many samples can I send in at once?

Answer:

You may send as many samples as you wish, provided that the number of tests purchased matches the number of samples submitted.

For example:

• If you purchased five tests, send five samples.

• If you send more samples than tests purchased, our team will contact you before any testing begins to confirm which samples should be analyzed or to arrange additional payment.

For large-scale breeders, farms, or veterinary clinics requiring bulk or repeat testing, Affordable Avian offers volume-based pricing and account setup options. Contact us at info@affordableavian.com for details or to establish a breeder account.

ABOUT AFFORDABLE AVIAN – Frequently Asked Questions

Question:

Do you have a veterinarian on staff?

Answer:

Affordable Avian is a specialized avian DNA testing laboratory, not a veterinary clinic. Our expertise lies in performing molecular diagnostic testing—including DNA gender identification, genetic marker detection, and disease screening—on behalf of individual clients, breeders, and veterinary professionals.

We do not employ a veterinarian because we do not diagnose or treat animals. Instead, we provide scientifically validated lab results that confirm the presence or absence of specific genetic or disease markers.

If a disease marker is detected in your sample, we will notify you immediately and recommend that you follow up with a licensed veterinarian for diagnosis and treatment options. Our role is to supply accurate, laboratory-confirmed data, not to provide medical opinions.

Because we strictly adhere to laboratory testing standards and do not practice medicine, we are not required to operate under veterinary supervision.

Question:

Do you perform testing in-house, or is it outsourced to another lab?

Answer:

All testing at Affordable Avian is conducted entirely in-house at our own laboratory facility. We own and maintain all of our PCR, qPCR, and molecular diagnostic equipment to ensure full quality control.

We do not outsource testing to any third-party laboratories. This allows us to:

• Maintain complete control over testing quality and accuracy

• Guarantee consistent turnaround times

• Protect your samples and personal data from external handling

Every test performed under the Affordable Avian brand is completed by our own trained laboratory technicians using our validated testing protocols.

Question:

I’ve heard another company claims to use your lab. Is this true?

Answer:

No. Affordable Avian does not provide laboratory testing or support services to any third-party entity claiming to sell avian DNA or disease testing. We do not “white-label,” resell, or subcontract our laboratory services to other organizations.

If another company advertises that they outsource testing to Affordable Avian, that claim is false. We do not discount or co-op our services for resale, as doing so would compromise our ability to guarantee accuracy, chain-of-custody, and brand integrity.

If you encounter a business making this claim, please contact us at info@affordableavian.com and provide documentation or screenshots if possible. Your report will remain confidential and helps us preserve the credibility of our brand and the reliability of our results.

Question:

Can I drop off my samples at the lab in person?

Answer:

No. For biosecurity and safety reasons, Affordable Avian does not accept in-person drop-offs at our laboratory. We maintain a secure testing environment that requires controlled access to prevent contamination, maintain sample integrity, and comply with laboratory safety regulations.

All samples must be mailed to our secure P.O. Box, where they are logged, documented, and transported to the lab daily at 6:00 a.m. Central Time.

Please note:

• Samples arriving after 6:00 a.m. will be picked up and processed the next business day.

• Our facility does not have a temperature-controlled drop box or on-site public access for package delivery.

We designed our mail-in system to protect both your samples and our staff while ensuring rapid, traceable handling from start to finish.

Question:

Your website looks different from other lab sites. Why?

Answer:

Affordable Avian is committed to making avian DNA testing simple, transparent, and accessible. While most laboratory websites use highly technical or clinical language, our goal is to bridge the gap between science and accessibility.

We designed our site to be:

• User-friendly and easy to navigate

• Educational, offering both beginner-friendly and in-depth scientific resources

• Visually engaging, reflecting our passion for avian health and research

If you want to explore the deeper science behind our work, visit our Knowledge Tab for in-depth articles, research summaries, and practical guides on avian genetics, disease prevention, and testing methods. SHIPPING – Frequently Asked Questions

Question:

How quickly do you ship test kits?

Answer:

Affordable Avian prioritizes rapid fulfillment to ensure you receive your test kits as quickly as possible.

• Same-Day Shipping: Orders placed before 12:00 p.m. CST (Monday–Friday) for expedited shipping are typically shipped the same business day.

• Standard Shipping: All standard orders are shipped within two business days of purchase, excluding weekends and holidays.

• Evening Orders: Orders placed after business hours are processed the next business day.

Our goal is to maintain consistent, prompt delivery for all customers, whether you are a breeder, veterinary clinic, or individual bird owners. Though we strive to hit the targets above for shipping times, occasionally we may hit a delay due to holidays or unforeseen volume of shipping requests.

Question:

I ordered a downloadable (DIY) test—how should I ship my samples back?

Answer:

When returning your samples, always use a tracked shipping method. This ensures that your samples can be located if they are delayed or misplaced during transit.

• Kits shipped from Affordable Avian include return shipping labels with tracking numbers.

• If you choose to send your own samples without tracking, you assume the risk of loss or delay. Affordable Avian will not be liable for refunds due to lost or damaged packages.

Without a tracking number, there is no way to verify when or if the samples were received, which can delay testing. To protect your investment and ensure timely results, always include tracking information when mailing your samples back to us.

Question:

Do you accept international (overseas) samples?

Answer:

Yes. Affordable Avian proudly serves international customers worldwide.

You may choose from two options:

1. Kit Shipment to Your Location: We can ship your complete testing kit directly to your address with tracking included in the price. Return shipping costs are not included, as international rates vary by country.

2. DIY Submission Option: You may prepay for testing services, download the required forms, collect your samples using your own materials, and ship them to our U.S. facility.

In either case, we strongly recommend that you use a tracked international shipping method for your return package. Affordable Avian cannot be responsible for lost or undelivered samples.

Our team regularly processes samples from breeders, veterinarians, and bird owners worldwide, and we are happy to guide you through the international shipping process if needed. ETC – Frequently Asked Questions

Question:

I ordered a single kit, but there are extra materials and sample slips inside. Does that mean I can test more than one bird?

Answer:

No. Each kit purchase corresponds to the number of tests included in your order listing.

For example:

• If you purchased a single test, your kit includes materials for one bird sample only.

• If you purchased a multipack (e.g., a 10-pack), that kit covers the number of tests indicated in the product description.
  

Extra materials such as lancets or sample slips can be included for convenience only—in case of a mistake during collection. They do not indicate that additional testing is covered under the same purchase.

If you send more samples than the number of tests purchased, Affordable Avian will contact you to confirm which sample(s) you want tested or to arrange additional payment before any testing is performed.

Tip: Multipacks are ideal for breeders or rescues submitting multiple samples, offering built-in volume discounts and simplified documentation.

Question:

Why should I certify my test results?

Answer:

Certification adds a verified level of authenticity and value to your results. A certified test report from Affordable Avian includes:

• A unique registration ID that can be verified through our online database

• A tamper-proof validation record confirming the sample was tested in our laboratory

• Proof of authenticity for breeders, rescues, and buyers

Certified results cannot be forged or altered and serve as official verification that a test was performed by Affordable Avian on the stated sample.

This certification adds credibility to breeding programs, improves record-keeping, and provides reassurance to customers purchasing verified birds.

Question:

Do you charge extra for your kits?

Answer:

No. At Affordable Avian, the price you see is the price you pay.

Unlike some testing companies that separate kit costs from lab fees, we include both in one transparent price.

For example:

• A $15 bird DNA gender test includes the collection materials (if requested), lab testing, and digital results.

• The only additional cost is shipping, which varies based on the method you select.

• You may purchase additional kits separately, or additional supplies in addition to your included kit.

If you prefer to use your own collection materials and download the submission form, the testing fee remains the same.

Transparency and affordability are at the core of our mission—no hidden charges, no surprise fees.

Question:

Where can I find additional resources or video guides?

Answer:

Visit the Affordable Avian YouTube Channel for visual tutorials and detailed walk-throughs on sample collection, packaging, and DNA testing processes.

You can also find in-depth educational content, printable guides, and scientific articles on our Knowledge Tab, located on www.affordableavian.com.

Question:

Who can I contact if I have questions not listed in this FAQ?

Answer:

For any questions, technical support, or large-volume testing inquiries, please contact us directly at info@affordableavian.com.

Our customer support team will respond promptly, ensuring you receive the guidance needed for successful sample collection, submission, and testing.